Important fire test standards when using intumescent coatings on structural steel constructions are European Union: EN 13381-8 (Replaces national Standards in Europe) and United Kingdom: BS 476-20/21 (Commonly referred to in EU, Middle and Far East).

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• What Is an Intumescent and How Does Intumescent Paint Work?
• Unprotected Steel
• Thick and Thin Film Intumescent Coatings
• Intumescent Topcoats - For Painting Over Intumescent Paints
• Water-Based Intumescent Coatings
• Solvent Based Intumescent Coatings
• Zeroflame, Jotun, Nullifire, Thermoguard, Bollom and More
• Customer Service
• FAQs: Ensuring You Get the Correct Specification and Level of Fire Protection You Need
• How to Get A Quote or Full Calculation/Specification to Meet Building Regulations
• Certificates
• Our Help and Advice Promise

What Is an Intumescent and How Does Intumescent Paint Work?

Intumescent coatings are passive fire protection measures which swell up when heated (in a fire for example) and protect the material (steel, plasterboard or wood ) underneath it, from fire. As the intumescent layer swells up, it increases its surface volume, which then helps to decrease the intensity of the flames. The top coating produces a light char as it is burnt, which makes it a poor conductor of heat and fire spread.

Application of intumescent paint layers helps fireproof structural steel, steel beams, steelwork or cast iron and can be used externally or internally, on small or larger areas. Intumescent coatings are generally available as water-based or solvent based variations (more information below).

Under the intense pressure and heat from a fire, most intumescents work by producing a foam-like substance, from the chemicals in it reacting and releasing a vapour. Upon carbonisation, the foam will solidify to a black material (a char), which insulates and protects the integrity of the steel, cast iron, or wood surface. As the intumescent paint expands (sometimes between 50x and 100x the original coating’s thickness) in the event of a fire, protecting the surface from heat, the surface is not burning, but simply undergoing a catalytic chemical reaction.

Intumescent paints and coatings are generally used in architecture and in the building of structural steel or timber members. They can provide a decorative and aesthetically pleasing finish on previously exposed steel, as well as keeping the material below its critical temperature to maintain its integrity in the outbreak of a fire or heat explosion. Intumescent coatings can be thinner than technically sprayed fireproofing methods.

Unprotected Steel

Unprotected steelwork can reach temperatures of 550°C in a fire, where it then can lose its load bearing capacity and collapse. Building regulations and legislation demand fire protection to upgrade the fire resistance of buildings.

Intumescent paint and coatings can be applied by brush, roller or spray, and are generally white or clear (timber only). Up to 60 minutes of fire protection can be obtained for timber and dependant on the thickness of the steel, up to 120mins protection can be achieved from applying an intumescent paint system.

Thick and Thin Film Intumescent Coatings

Intumescent paint is applied in a series of coatings which build up to the thickness required to correspond with the level of protection mandated by the building code. Each product available at Rawlins Paints comes with an in-depth datasheet, outlining application methods, drying time and layer specifications before the top, pigmented to colour, layer is applied.

Thin film intumescent coatings usually require a primer to be applied to the steel first and sealer topcoat to finish the system to offer between 30 and 90-minutes fire resistance. 120 fire resisting intumescent coatings are available with some manufacturers stocked at Rawlins Paints.

Thick film intumescent coatings are frequently epoxy based. They have a higher dry film thickness and were originally developed for use with hydrocarbon fires. Thick films do not expand as much as thin films in the event of a fire. Thick film intumescent coatings may be used on external steel in high rise buildings, office towers and exposed marine/oil refinery environments.

Both can be applied off-site, but this is a specialised task as damage to steel or cast-iron members is possible in transit and erection.

Intumescent Topcoats - For Painting Over Intumescent Paints

The topcoat, or final layer, of an intumescent paint system is tinted to produce the chosen colour and finish, and protects the intumescent basecoat below it. The topcoat / top-seal should always be compatible with the applied basecoat – please contact Rawlins Paints for further information about product compatibility.

Water-Based Intumescent Coatings

Thermoguard Thermocoat is a low odour, water based intumescent system, which can provide up-to 90 minutes of fire resistance on structural steel or cast iron – this is dependent on the DFT (Dry Film Thickness) the coating is applied at. A (compatible) decorative overcoat can be applied to match the décor and or architectural design features.

Thermoguard issue a Certificate of Supply on request for each specified project for insurance, Fire and Building Control Authority and Client Records.

Water-based intumescent paints give a smoother finish in a faster timeframe than solvent based coatings.

Solvent Based Intumescent Coatings

Jotun produce a range of solvent based intumescent coatings for exposed structural steel in areas of high corrosiveness – such as offshore builds, and atmospheric or marine environments.

These intumescent coatings also offer fire resistance to structural steel exposed to cellulosic fire.

Zeroflame, Jotun, Nullifire, Thermoguard, Bollom and More

Fire retardant paint for steel and paint for cast iron manufacturers supplied by rawlinspaints.com include Bollom Fireshield and Brosteel Ultra 60, International, Jotun Steelmaster, and Thermoguard Thermocoat.

The fire resistance time and application method of intumescent paints available from these manufacturers can be filtered by the sub-category buttons:

• 30, 60, 90, or 120 Mins Fire Resistance
• Internal Use
• On-Site Application
• Water-Based Coatings
• Solvent Based Coatings
• Epoxy Based Coatings
• Off-Site Application
• Solvent Based Coatings
• Epoxy Based Coatings
• Methacrylate Based Coatings
• External Use
• On-Site Application
• Water-Based Coatings (not available for 120 mins fire resistance)
• Solvent Based Coatings
• Epoxy Based Coatings
• Off-Site Application
• Solvent Based Coatings
• Epoxy Based Coatings
• Methacrylate Based Coatings

Customer Service

Applying flame retardant paint to steelwork can be easy and we can help you ensure you achieve the protection you require and guarantee yourself a fire certificate. The more information you give us about the steel you must protect, the more accurate we can be with our specification saving you money. We prefer to speak to our customers prior to them purchasing these intumescent paints to make sure you're getting the right product and are confident of how to use it correctly.

FAQs: Ensuring You Get the Correct Specification and Level of Fire Protection You Need

Intumescent paints and coatings can sometimes be referred to as fire retardant or fire-resistant paints for steel – and sometimes (incorrectly) as heat resistant paints. Below, Rawlins Paints break down the essential elements of buying Intumescent Paint for steel:

How to Get A Quote or Full Calculation/Specification to Meet Building Regulations

Simply call us (mobile users can click on this number 0113 245 5450) and let us know:

• Level of fire protection required (i.e. 30, 60, 90min, etc.)
• Each steel section dimension (i.e. 254x146x37 UB)
• Quantity and length of each section (or overall meterage for each section)
• Orientation (horizontal or vertical)
• Number of sides to be painted (all sides, 3 sides, 1 flange, etc.)
• Environment (internal, external, car park, chemical exposure, etc.)
• Application on site or in shop

Alternatively you can just forward us drawings (email [email protected]), fabrication/cutting lists and we'll extract the information from them but in that instance we'd need some guidance as to what to allow for i.e. all steels on first floor, etc.

We will then generate a full report including specification and mark-ups (where relevant) providing you the most cost effective solution available for your project, which includes:

• Cost (including trade discount)
• Typical coverage rates
• Product application instructions
• Product storage instructions
• On/off-site product transportation recommendations
• ETA on product delivery – and whether next day delivery options are available with your purchase
• Product and full system recommendations or requirements
• Surface and substrate preparation advice
• Including usage for new steel, and painting over/preparing previously decorated surfaces
• What coating finishes may be available for improved decorative and aesthetical value
• Drying times and times between coating layers

Certificates

All of the intumescent paints we offer have been tested to varying British/European standards by recognised independent third parties depending on their required use and performance. In addition to these industry standard tests, some products also offer additional paperwork after use by way of a ‘certificate’ that can be obtained in different ways - manufacturer dependent. Some require a form to be completed and returned by email, others have online application forms, others can be simply called to provide project details verbally. Not ALL products offer this additional supplement and if this type of certificate is important to your project you should contact our Technical Team on 0113 2455450 (option 2) or [email protected] to advise them of this so they can ensure they recommend a suitable product accordingly. Certain larger projects may also require the involvement of an independent inspector, again you should contact our Technical Department to discuss this if required.

Our help and advice promise

Fire protection doesn’t have to be hard work, let our technical staff help you get the level of protection you require and the finish you want. Whether it’s structural steel in a warehouse, fire retardant paint for wood on a new-build, or the internal walls of a block of flats, we can provide a full specification and offer guidance throughout the project.